Eildon Hills

The Eildon Hills rise just south of Melrose in the Scottish Borders, forming three rounded peaks above the valley. Their igneous rock formed 350 million years ago from volcanic activity deep underground. The highest of the three summits overlooks Teviotdale to the south, while the northern hilltop is encircled by over five kilometres of ancient ramparts. Inside these defences lie about 300 level platforms once used for timber or turf houses, making it one of Scotland’s largest Bronze Age hill forts. A Roman signal tower later stood on the same summit, using the hill fort’s defences for its own enclosure. The hills have long held meaning for people. Excavations show the fort was occupied by 1000 BC, with enough hut floors for around two thousand people. It may have been the capital of the Selgovae tribe before the Romans arrived. Roman coins and pottery found there suggest the site remained in use between the 2nd and 4th centuries. Nearby holy springs, now named for Christian saints, were probably sacred to earlier Celtic deities. The name ‘Eildon’ comes from Old English and older languages, linked to enclosures or fire. Visitors today walk many paths that cross the hills and reach all three peaks. The landscape forms part of the Eildon and Leaderfoot National Scenic Area, protecting its sweeping views over Melrose and the River Tweed. Folklore ties the hills to Thomas the Rhymer and King Arthur, whose sleeping knights lie beneath the hollow hill. Legends say the volcanic rock was split in three by the wizard Michael Scot, and a moss-covered boulder marks where the Fairy Queen led Thomas into her realm.